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Common Mental
Health Issues
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Recognizing Adolescent Sleeping Disorders
Primary Sleep Disorders: are differentiated from other sleep disturbances caused by factors, such as another mental disorder, medical disorder or substance use.
Types Of Sleeping Disorders
Dyssomnias: disorders relating to the amount, quality, and timing of sleep.
Primary Insomnia
- Subjective symptom of inadequate sleep quantity and quality
- Difficulty falling asleep or maintaining sleep
- Chronic insomnia may produce poor concentration and a low level of energy
- Decreased sensation of well-being and poor productivity
- Sleep does not feel restorative
- Distress may lead to a cycle of frustration and insomnia
Primary Hypersomnia
- Require more sleep (about 12 hour) despite long and good sleep
- usually require naps in the daytime, and are not refreshed by short naps
Narcolepsy
- Excessive daytime sleepiness with irresistible daytime sleep attacks
- Sleep paralysis, in which the individual awakens unable to move
- Cataplexy, such as wobbly knees, dizziness that may progress to sudden falls following a strongly experienced emotion
- Hypnagogic hallucinations
- Feeling of refreshment after a sleep attack
Parasomnias: are abnormal behaviors or physiological events that occur during the process of sleep or sleep-wake transitions.
Nightmare Disorder
- Repeated occurrence of frightening dreams that lead to awakenings from sleep
- Become fully awake, oriented and alert
- Significant distress or occupational functioning
- Occur during REM (rapid eye movement) sleep stage
Sleep Terror Disorder
- Recurrent episodes of abrupt awakening from sleep, during first third of night
- Child wakes with scream, cry
- Intense physiological arousal (increased heart rate, profuse sweating, pupils dilated)
- Difficult to comfort the child
- Very limited or no memory of the episode
- Episodes cause significant distress/impairment in social/occupational functioning
Sleepwalking Disorder
- Repeated episodes of rising from bed during sleep and walking about
- Child leaves bed and walks around; can be like an automaton
- Occurs during stages of Slow Wave Sleep
- No memory of it the next day
- Within several minutes after awakening, no impairment of mental activity/behavior
- Distress or impairment in social/occupational other areas
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